In this developmental paper, a systematic review of Niklas Luhmann’s Social Systems Theory is conducted, oriented to understand the impact of Artificial Intelligence in Society. Luhmann was an inspiring scholar of complexity in the contemporary sociology with an interdisciplinary approach, oriented to explain the functionalism of social structures through an autopoietic concept and his own theory of communication. Applying an abduction approach and qualitative methods, the review explores the proposed theory as the best lens to understand the impact of AI technology in postmodern societies, involving the synthesis of fourteen academic publications from seven databases, and the codification of three categories. Surprising facts have been highlighted as the relevance of expert systems between Artificial intelligence and society, and the role of trust and ethics in social systems.