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Roberts, Andrew M., Lin, Tzer-Nan, Holder, Christopher J., Prashar, Ankush, Das, Barnali and Bhowmik, Deepayan (2025) Embedded Computing for Environmental Sensing and Mapping in Agricultural Robots: A Power and Performance Analysis. 2025 IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium (SAS). pp. 1-5. ISSN 2766-3078

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Abstract

Abstract

Recent trends in agriculture show decreasing availability of agricultural workers, coupled with reduction in productivity and yield due to climate change. Autonomous agricultural robots are a suitable technology to counter these issues, but in order to gain widespread use they must be able to effectively localise themselves in complex rural environments, whilst being able to run for long periods of time. This paper aims to aid in the selection of Simultaneous Localisation And Mapping (SLAM) variants and parameters when used in the agricultural field in order to maximise range/operational time with minimal sacrifice of effectiveness as evaluated by Percentage Tracked Path (PTP) and Average Trajectory Error (ATE). We investigate some of the most promising applications of ORB-SLAM algorithms, running on a low-resource system, providing insights into the energy costs of increased real-time performance in terms of Frames Per Second (FPS) achieved through varying SLAM parameters. Our contributions are: a full Energy Per Frame (EPF) analysis over all ORB-SLAM parameters; SLAM analysis of a benchmark LFSD dataset, entirely performed on a common low-resource robotics computer, Jetson Nano; evaluation of the determined parameters to achieve highest PTP at lowest EPF; and live trials on the Turtlebot robotic platform using the determined parameters. This work demonstrates that the most power efficient and accurate performance of the variants tested can be attained using ORB-SLAM3 with the number of features reduced to 600. This improved on default parameter operation by 20% on EPF and 8.21% on PTP. This outcome was corroborated in live testing achieving a similar 14.4% EPF drop to 321.83±46.14mJ. Therefore, utilising our power performance evaluation, power can be optimised for real-time usage based on the parameters selection, enabling a more accurate and power-efficient SLAM for longer operation time in the field.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information: ** From Crossref proceedings articles via Jisc Publications Router ** History: ppub 08-07-2025; issued 08-07-2025.
Uncontrolled Keywords: Embedded Computing , SLAM Optimisation , Low-Resource Robotics , Power-Analysis , Agricultural Robotics
SWORD Depositor: Publication Router
Depositing User: Publication Router
URI: https://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/id/eprint/19555

Further Details

More Information

Additional Information
** From Crossref proceedings articles via Jisc Publications Router ** History: ppub 08-07-2025; issued 08-07-2025.
Uncontrolled Keywords
Embedded Computing , SLAM Optimisation , Low-Resource Robotics , Power-Analysis , Agricultural Robotics
SWORD Depositor
Depositing User

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Item ID
19555
Identification Number
ISSN
2766-3078

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ORCID for Barnali Das

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Date Deposited
23 Dec 2025 14:32
Last Modified
23 Dec 2025 14:32

Contributors

Author
Author
Andrew M. Roberts
Author
Tzer-Nan Lin
Author
Christopher J. Holder
Author
Ankush Prashar
Author
Deepayan Bhowmik

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