Influences of history, geography, and religion on genetic structure: the Maronites in Lebanon
Haber, Marc, Platt, Daniel E, Badro, Danielle A, Xue, Yali, El-Sibai, Mirvat, Ashrafian Bonab, Maziar, Youhanna, Sonia C, Saade, Stephanie, Soria-Hernanz, David F, Royyuru, Ajay, Wells, R Spencer, Tyler-Smith, Chris and Zalloua, Pierre A (2011) Influences of history, geography, and religion on genetic structure: the Maronites in Lebanon. European Journal of Human Genetics, 19 (3). pp. 334-340. ISSN 1018-4813
Item Type: | Article |
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Abstract
Cultural expansions, including of religions, frequently leave genetic traces of differentiation and in-migration. These expansions may be driven by complex doctrinal differentiation, together with major population migrations and gene flow. The aim of this study was to explore the genetic signature of the establishment of religious communities in a region where some of the most influential religions originated, using the Y chromosome as an informative male-lineage marker. A total of 3139 samples were analyzed, including 647 Lebanese and Iranian samples newly genotyped for 28 binary markers and 19 short tandem repeats on the non-recombinant segment of the Y chromosome. Genetic organization was identified by geography and religion across Lebanon in the context of surrounding populations important in the expansions of the major sects of Lebanon, including Italy, Turkey, the Balkans, Syria, and Iran by employing principal component analysis, multidimensional scaling, and AMOVA. Timing of population differentiations was estimated using BATWING, in comparison with dates of historical religious events to determine if these differentiations could be caused by religious conversion, or rather, whether religious conversion was facilitated within already differentiated populations. Our analysis shows that the great religions in Lebanon were adopted within already distinguishable communities. Once religious affiliations were established, subsequent genetic signatures of the older differentiations were reinforced. Post-establishment differentiations are most plausibly explained by migrations of peoples seeking refuge to avoid the turmoil of major historical events.
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Depositing User: Leah Maughan |
Identifiers
Item ID: 12943 |
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2010.177 |
ISSN: 1018-4813 |
URI: http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/id/eprint/12943 | Official URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ejhg.2010.177 |
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Catalogue record
Date Deposited: 04 Jan 2021 17:00 |
Last Modified: 04 Jan 2021 17:00 |
Author: | Maziar Ashrafian Bonab |
Author: | Marc Haber |
Author: | Daniel E Platt |
Author: | Danielle A Badro |
Author: | Yali Xue |
Author: | Mirvat El-Sibai |
Author: | Sonia C Youhanna |
Author: | Stephanie Saade |
Author: | David F Soria-Hernanz |
Author: | Ajay Royyuru |
Author: | R Spencer Wells |
Author: | Chris Tyler-Smith |
Author: | Pierre A Zalloua |
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