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Dietary fat intake is associated with insulin resistance and an adverse vascular profile in patients with T1D: a pooled analysis

Kietsiriroje, Noppadol, Shah, Hanya, Zare, Marios, O'Mahoney, Lauren L., West, Daniel J., Pearson, Sam M., Ajjan, Ramzi A. and Campbell, Matthew (2022) Dietary fat intake is associated with insulin resistance and an adverse vascular profile in patients with T1D: a pooled analysis. European Journal of Nutrition. ISSN 1436-6215

Item Type: Article

Abstract

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) increases vascular risk in individuals with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). We aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary intake and IR, as well as vascular biomarkers in T1D. Methods: Baseline data from three randomised controlled trials were pooled. Estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) was used as an IR marker. Employing multivariate nutrient density substitution models, we examined the association between macronutrient composition and IR/ vascular biomarkers (tumour necrosis factor-α, fibrinogen, tissue factor activity, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1). Results: Of the 107 patients, 50.5% were male with mean age of 29±6 years. Those with lower eGDR were older with a longer diabetes duration, higher insulin requirements and an adverse vascular profile (P<0.05). Patients with higher degrees of IR had higher total energy intake (3,192±566 vs 2,772±268 vs 2,626±395 kcal/d for eGDR <5.1 vs 5.1-8.6 vs >8.7 mg/kg/min, p <0.001) and consumed a higher absolute and proportional amount of fat (47.6±18.6 vs 30.4±8.1 vs 25.8±10.4%, p<0.001). After adjusting for total energy intake, age, sex, and diabetes duration, increased carbohydrate intake offset by an isoenergetic decrease in fat was associated with higher eGDR (=0.103, 95%CI: 0.044 to 0.163). In contrast, increased dietary fat at the expense of dietary protein intake was associated with lower eGDR (= -0.119, 95%CI: -0.199 to -0.040). Replacing fat with 5% isoenergetic amount of carbohydrate resulted in decreased vascular biomarkers (P<0.05). Conclusion: Higher fat, but not carbohydrate, intake is associated with increased IR and an adverse vascular profile in patients with T1D.

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More Information

Uncontrolled Keywords: Dietary intake; Insulin resistance; Type 1 diabetes; Vascular health.
Related URLs:
Depositing User: Matthew Campbell

Identifiers

Item ID: 15603
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-03070-z
ISSN: 1436-6215
URI: http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/id/eprint/15603
Official URL: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-0...

Users with ORCIDS

ORCID for Noppadol Kietsiriroje: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-5076-4450
ORCID for Matthew Campbell: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0001-5883-5041

Catalogue record

Date Deposited: 09 Jan 2023 12:18
Last Modified: 10 Dec 2023 03:38

Contributors

Author: Noppadol Kietsiriroje ORCID iD
Author: Matthew Campbell ORCID iD
Author: Hanya Shah
Author: Marios Zare
Author: Lauren L. O'Mahoney
Author: Daniel J. West
Author: Sam M. Pearson
Author: Ramzi A. Ajjan
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University Divisions

Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing > School of Nursing and Health Sciences

Subjects

Sciences > Biomedical Sciences
Sciences > Health Sciences
Sciences

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