Despite assessment and appropriate interventions, some older people will continue to be at risk of falling. Fractures of the hip and wrist are especially common among this group. The risk of fracture means that a comprehensive falls prevention programme must include an assessment of the individual fracture risk and the instigation of appropriate treatment of bone fragility. Osteoporosis is the main cause of bone fragility in this client group and it is commonly associated with postmenopausal women, although other forms exist. Osteoporosis is also a problem for men as they get older and for individuals taking steroid medications. Community nurses need to be aware of how osteoporosis manifests itself as well as how this condition can be prevented and treated.