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Monetary Integration Tests for the OCA’s Business Cycles Synchronicity Criteria in the WAMZ

Mogaji, Peter Kehinde (2017) Monetary Integration Tests for the OCA’s Business Cycles Synchronicity Criteria in the WAMZ. Working Paper. UNSPECIFIED. (Unpublished)

Item Type: Reports, briefing/ working papers (Working Paper)

Abstract

A theoretical underpinning of the Optimum Currency Area (OCA) is that countries are better suited to form a currency union the more their business (output) cycles are synchronised or symmetric. If countries within a monetary union have similar business cycles or rather experience identical shocks, separate economic policies are therefore not necessary, this implying that asymmetries in output fluctuations and shocks would appropriately necessitate individual policy responses. Negative correlation of business cycles and shocks would therefore weaken the case for a common currency. This paper consequently tested business cycle synchronicity across the WAMZ by investigating the similarity and the co-movements between the two main components of business cycles: (i) the classical business cycles and (ii) the deviation business cycles, employing simple correlation analyses and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) to establish homogeneities or otherwise. The observation of the closeness of coefficient of variations of classical and deviation business cycles of individual WAMZ country were also examined. The Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filtering method (at lambda=100) was employed in filtering and decomposing the real output (GDP) of individual WAMZ countries into transitory and permanent components required for the assessment of classical and deviation business cycles in these countries. Correlation tests as well as tests of homogeneity of variance (Levene Statistics) in business cycles were performed. There were further investigations of the transitory and deviation (output gap) business cycles so as to determine the extent of cyclical convergence of member countries. This is relevant for the conduct of the future common monetary policy. Fifteen bilateral Euclidean distances between output gaps in the WAMZ countries were also measured in order to reveal the extent of business cycle co-movements among member countries. Time span covered by this study were split into two periods: (i) pre-convergence period (1981-2000); (ii) convergence period (2001-2015). This split is significant in bringing about comparative results in these two periods because of the possibility of these WAMZ countries behaving ‘artificially’ in their business attitudes during the convergence era, when efforts were being made to meet the convergence criteria. This research work yielded various results and findings which on the overall produced evidences to suggest that business cycles across the WAMZ are not synchronised. This thus weakens the case for a common currency with the WAMZ enclave.

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Uncontrolled Keywords: Business Cycle, Classical Business Cycle, Deviation Business Cycles, Business Cycle Synchronicity, OCA, Monetary Integration, WAMZ
Depositing User: Peter Mogaji

Identifiers

Item ID: 14533
URI: http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/id/eprint/14533

Users with ORCIDS

ORCID for Peter Kehinde Mogaji: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-5790-8293

Catalogue record

Date Deposited: 14 Feb 2022 13:03
Last Modified: 14 Feb 2022 13:03

Contributors

Author: Peter Kehinde Mogaji ORCID iD

University Divisions

University of Sunderland in London

Subjects

Business and Management > Accounting and Finance

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