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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a review of pathophysiology, clinical management and effects of weight loss

Pouwels, Sjaak, Sakran, Nasser, Graham, Yitka, Leal, Angela, Pintar, Tadeja, Yang, Wah, Kassir, Radwan, Singhal, Rishi, Mahawar, Kamal and Ramnarian, Dharmanand (2022) Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a review of pathophysiology, clinical management and effects of weight loss. BMC Endocrine Disorders. pp. 1-9. ISSN 1472-6823

Item Type: Article

Abstract

Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and obesity worldwide, the deleterious effects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are becoming a growing challenge for public health. NAFLD is the most common chronic liver disease in the Western world. NAFLD is closely associated with metabolic disorders, including central obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, hyperglycaemia and persistent abnormalities of liver function tests.
In general NAFLD is a common denominer for a broad spectrum of damage to the liver, which can be due to hepatocyte injury, inflammatory processes and fibrosis. This is normally seen on liver biopsy and can range from milder forms (steatosis) to the more severe forms (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver failure). In these patients, advanced fibrosis is the major predictor of morbidity and liver-related mortality, and an accurate diagnosis of NASH and NAFLD is mandatory. Histologic evaluation with liver biopsy remains the gold standard to diagnose NAFLD. Diagnosis of NAFLD is defined as presence of hepatic steatosis, ballooning and lobular inflammation with or without fibrosis. Weight loss, dietary modification, and the treatment of underlying metabolic syndrome remain the mainstays of therapy once the diagnosis is established. Dietary recommendations and lifestyle interventions, weight loss, and the treatment of underlying metabolic syndrome remain the mainstays of therapy once the diagnosis is established with promising results but are difficult to maintain. Pioglitazone and vitamin E are recommended by guidelines in selected patients. This review gives an overview of NAFLD and its treatment options.

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More Information

Uncontrolled Keywords: NAFLD Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Weight management Bariatric surgery Metabolic surgery Conservative therapy
Related URLs:
Depositing User: Yitka Graham

Identifiers

Item ID: 14662
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-022-00980-1
ISSN: 1472-6823
URI: http://sure.sunderland.ac.uk/id/eprint/14662
Official URL: https://bmcendocrdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles...

Users with ORCIDS

ORCID for Nasser Sakran: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0003-2570-7822
ORCID for Yitka Graham: ORCID iD orcid.org/0000-0002-6206-1461

Catalogue record

Date Deposited: 10 Mar 2022 09:58
Last Modified: 06 Dec 2022 15:26

Contributors

Author: Nasser Sakran ORCID iD
Author: Yitka Graham ORCID iD
Author: Sjaak Pouwels
Author: Angela Leal
Author: Tadeja Pintar
Author: Wah Yang
Author: Radwan Kassir
Author: Rishi Singhal
Author: Kamal Mahawar
Author: Dharmanand Ramnarian

University Divisions

Faculty of Health Sciences and Wellbeing > School of Nursing and Health Sciences

Subjects

Sciences > Nursing

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