Abstract

This third interim evaluation report examines the effectiveness of the Back in Control 2 (BiC2) project in supporting adults affected by modern slavery and labour exploitation in Sunderland and surrounding areas. Drawing on semi-structured interviews with key stakeholder organisations, the report explores the nature and complexity of exploitation, the lived experiences and ongoing vulnerabilities of survivors, and the practical, emotional, and structural challenges encountered in delivering support. Findings highlight the importance of holistic, trauma-informed, and multi-agency approaches that address immediate crisis needs, long-term wellbeing, legal and immigration barriers, and risks of re-exploitation. The report identifies persistent systemic obstacles, including insecure funding, language barriers, limited mental health provision, and fragmented partnership working. Recommendations emphasise the need for sustainable resources, improved access to specialist services, strengthened coordination, and survivor-centred practices to enhance stability, protection, and empowerment for individuals recovering from exploitation.